利用“L-R”剖分及三角形聚合的近似等面积菱形格网建模     

苑争一  赵学胜  赵静 《测绘通报》2018,(1):107-111

球面菱形格网因其几何结构简单、方向一致、径向对称等特性,在空间操作和数据集成方面有着广泛的应用。本文基于“纬线环法”构建了球面四元三角剖分模型,分析了该方法带来的格网单元面积变形及其位置分布,发现该模型的三角单元面积变形具有“锯齿状”分布特征,即相邻的上下两个格网单元总是一大一小交替分布,而且变形方向一致。据此通过合并上下两个相邻三角形格网单元,构建了一种近似等面积的菱形剖分模型。结果表明,相比较于其他球面菱形格网生成方法,该方法计算简单、格网单元方向一致（长轴沿南北向分布）;同时,格网单元的面积变形更小、分布更加均匀。  相似文献   

星载激光光斑影像质心自动提取方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁小棋  李国元  唐新明  高小明  黄庚华  李野 《测绘学报》2018,47(2):135-141

激光光斑影像的质心提取是卫星激光测高数据处理中的重要环节,对于获得精确的激光指向角有重要的意义。本文总结了灰度重心法、高斯拟合法以及椭圆拟合法3种常用的质心提取方法,在比较其优缺点之后结合高斯曲面拟合法和椭圆拟合法,提出了一种基于高斯阈值的椭圆拟合方法,针对仿真数据进行试验,有较好的精度结果。采用GLAS（geoscience laser altimeter system）的实际激光光斑影像LPA（laser profile array）数据进行试验,发现LPA光斑质心位置变化周期约为1.5 h,幅度最大可达2~3个像素,对应激光指向角变化约9",说明在轨监视激光质心位置变化对于提高激光指向角测量精度非常必要。相关结论可为后续国产卫星激光测高仪足印影像处理提供参考。  相似文献   

复杂带状地形条件下的地面三维激光扫描点云数据采集与配准处理试验     

杨敏  甘淑  袁希平  高莎  朱赞  于辉 《测绘通报》2018,(5):35-40

对于多站点架设获取的地面三维扫描点云数据进行空间坐标体系的统一配准处理,是实现地表三维模型构建数据预处理的关键技术。研究围绕地面三维扫描点云数据的配准精度问题,结合试验仪器在数据采集扫描设置中的不同模式,分别设计实施了基于一定扫描重叠度的独立站点采集匹配模式,基于站点GPS坐标控制的采集匹配模式,以及基于全站仪实测站点坐标的后视法采集匹配模式等3种试验方案,开展了针对不同扫描方案下所获取点云数据的配准处理方法解析与精度对比分析。不同方案应用于具有条带状试验测区的点云数据采集与数据配准处理结果表明,相对于独立站点数据采集匹配模式,后两种数据采集模式,即采用基于仪器GPS站点坐标的扫描匹配方案和基于全站仪站点坐标的后视法方案,由于克服了与全局坐标系转换困难和对标靶的依赖等问题,而具有较高的数据采集与匹配效率,表现出明显的优势。研究试验成果可为同类型仪器的地面三维激光扫描系统的外业数据采集和点云配准提供参考指导作用。  相似文献   

一种利用水平截面法分析高压线塔倾斜度的误差模型     

蔡来良  王姗姗  袁广林  谷淑丹  宋德云 《测绘通报》2018,(5):71-76

针对一种基于地面激光扫描技术的高压线塔倾斜度监测方法,分析了利用水平分层的点云面片中心偏移量计算高压塔倾斜度的算法原理,以及该算法的误差来源。研究表明,利用水平截面法监测出线塔倾斜误差量主要与线塔的倾斜量及上下非对称特性有关。经过公式推导,建立了主倾斜剖面上的倾斜误差改正模型,并开发了专用的点云数据处理软件。结合山西开采沉陷区的倾斜高压线塔实例,利用本法计算了线塔的倾斜值,并将结果与特征点法计算结果进行了对比,验证了算法和数据处理程序的有效性和精度。本文内容对利用激光扫描技术监测烟囱、高塔等上小下大的非对称高耸结构的倾斜量有较强的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

RTG与GPS相对定位联合作业的可行性分析     

敖德春  崔文刚  钟磊  袁航 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(2):134-137

近年来,RTG(Real Time Gipsy)技术的发展比较迅速,并且在一些行业中得到应用。本文阐述了GPS相对定位与RTG定位原理,并就GPS相对定位与RTG进行误差对比分析。根据行业标准与精度,对GPS相对定位与RTG在控制测量中联合作业的可行性进行探讨,提出联合作业的概念,主要为测绘人员布设控制网时提供参考,从而提高了工作效率,降低了项目成本。  相似文献   

综合单点和点簇的建筑物点云分类方法     

陈鑫松  袁晓妍  李响 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(6):91-93

在单点分类方面主要对分类特征进行了比较全面的分析和综合,而在点簇分类方面则依据建筑物的实际形态提出了一种高效的基于决策树的分类法则。综合性方法是上述两种方法的配合使用,首先利用单点分类提高精度,再利用点簇分类提高可用性。实验结果表明,综合方法不仅有着非常高的精度,并且其结果方便后期利用。  相似文献   

基于PixelGrid的标准时点核准影像单景几何纠正方法研究     

王菲菲  孙畅  袁如金 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(8):146-148

地理国情普查是国务院部署的重大项目,其中,第一次全国地理国情普查标准时点核准工作于2015年正式启动。面对多源的卫星遥感数据,对于影响因素复杂区域很难实现影像的自动纠正,因而,本文主要介绍了利用PixelGrid软件进行单景影像几何纠正的方法,为其他项目的困难区域影像处理提供参考。  相似文献   

Identification of Convective and Stratiform Clouds Based on the Improved DBSCAN Clustering Algorithm     

Yuanyuan ZUO  Zhiqun HU  Shujie YUAN  Jiafeng ZHENG  Xiaoyan YIN  Boyong LI 《大气科学进展》2022,39(12):2203-2212

A convective and stratiform cloud classification method for weather radar is proposed based on the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm. To identify convective and stratiform clouds in different developmental phases, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models are proposed by applying reflectivity factors at 0.5° and at 0.5°, 1.5°, and 2.4° elevation angles, respectively. According to the thresholds of the algorithm, which include echo intensity, the echo top height of 35 dBZ (ET), density threshold, and ε neighborhood, cloud clusters can be marked into four types: deep-convective cloud (DCC), shallow-convective cloud (SCC), hybrid convective-stratiform cloud (HCS), and stratiform cloud (SFC) types. Each cloud cluster type is further identified as a core area and boundary area, which can provide more abundant cloud structure information. The algorithm is verified using the volume scan data observed with new-generation S-band weather radars in Nanjing, Xuzhou, and Qingdao. The results show that cloud clusters can be intuitively identified as core and boundary points, which change in area continuously during the process of convective evolution, by the improved DBSCAN algorithm. Therefore, the occurrence and disappearance of convective weather can be estimated in advance by observing the changes of the classification. Because density thresholds are different and multiple elevations are utilized in the 3D model, the identified echo types and areas are dissimilar between the 2D and 3D models. The 3D model identifies larger convective and stratiform clouds than the 2D model. However, the developing convective clouds of small areas at lower heights cannot be identified with the 3D model because they are covered by thick stratiform clouds. In addition, the 3D model can avoid the influence of the melting layer and better suggest convective clouds in the developmental stage.  相似文献   

Fengyun-4 Geostationary Satellite-Based Solar Energy Nowcasting System and Its Application in North China     

Chunlin HUANG  Hongrong SHI  Ling GAO  Mengqi LIU  Qixiang CHEN  Disong FU  Shu WANG  Yuan YUAN  Xiang′ao XIA 《大气科学进展》2022,39(8):1316-1328

Surface solar irradiance (SSI) nowcasting (0–3 h) is an effective way to overcome the intermittency of solar energy and to ensure the safe operation of grid-connected solar power plants. In this study, an SSI estimate and nowcasting system was established using the near-infrared channel of Fengyun-4A (FY-4A) geostationary satellite. The system is composed of two key components: The first is a hybrid SSI estimation method combining a physical clear-sky model and an empirical cloudy-sky model. The second component is the SSI nowcasting model, the core of which is the derivation of the cloud motion vector (CMV) using the block-matching method. The goal of simultaneous estimation and nowcasting of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI) is fulfilled. The system was evaluated under different sky conditions using SSI measurements at Xianghe, a radiation station in the North China Plain. The results show that the accuracy of GHI estimation is higher than that of DNI estimation, with a normalized root-mean-square error (nRMSE) of 22.4% relative to 45.4%. The nRMSE of forecasting GHI and DNI at 30–180 min ahead varied within 25.1%–30.8% and 48.1%–53.4%, respectively. The discrepancy of SSI estimation depends on cloud occurrence frequency and shows a seasonal pattern, being lower in spring–summer and higher in autumn–winter. The FY-4A has great potential in supporting SSI nowcasting, which promotes the development of photovoltaic energy and the reduction of carbon emissions in China. The system can be improved further if calibration of the empirical method is improved.  相似文献   

塔河1971-2020年气候变化特征分析     

张柏松  吴树森  袁秀芝  潘明溪 《黑龙江气象》2022,39(1):7-11

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